Et al. eLife 2015;4:e10735. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.8 ofResearch articleNeuroscienceFigure four. Abscisic acid supplier Particular Trimeric G proteins act downstream of DTKR in class IV neurons in thermal allodynia. (A) Schematic of genetic screening technique for testing G-protein subunit function by in vivo tissue-specific RNAi in class IV neurons. (B) UV-induced thermal allodynia on targeting the indicated G protein subunits by RNAi. n = 30 larvae per genotype. P = 0.082, P0.05. Statistical significance was determined by Fisher’s exact test. (C) UVinduced thermal allodynia for the three putative hits in the mini-screen within a. (1) and (2) indicate non-overlapping RNAi transgenes. (D) Suppression of UAS-DTKR-induced “genetic” allodynia by co-expression of UAS-RNAi transgenes targeting the indicated G protein subunits. Seven sets of n=30 for ppkDTKR-GFP controls, triplicate sets of n=30 for the rest. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.10735.013 The following figure supplements are obtainable for figure four: Figure supplement 1. Option data presentation of UV-induced thermal allodynia on targeting G protein subunits by RNAi (Figure 4B) in non-categorical line graphs of accumulated percent response as a function of measured latency. DOI: ten.7554/eLife.10735.014 Figure supplement 2. UAS alone controls of RNAi targeting G protein subunits don’t exhibit defects in UVinduced thermal allodynia. DOI: ten.7554/eLife.10735.Im et al. eLife 2015;4:e10735. DOI: ten.7554/eLife.9 ofResearch articleNeuroscienceanalyzing our behavioral data categorically, Gb5 was not quite significant, but when the data was analyzed non-categorically (accumulated % response versus latency) the enhanced statistical energy of this strategy revealed that Gb5 was drastically unique from the control (Figure 4–figure supplement 1). Indeed, retesting the strongest hits in greater numbers and analyzing them categorically revealed that knockdown of a putative Gaq (CG17760), Gb5 (CG10763), and Gg1 (CG8261) all substantially lowered thermal allodynia in comparison with GAL4 and UAS-alone controls (Figure 4C and Figure 4–figure supplements 1 and 2). To test if these subunits act downstream of DTKR, we asked whether expression of the relevant UAS-RNAi transgenes could also block the ectopic thermal allodynia induced by DTKR-GFP overexpression (Figure 2F). All of them did (Figure 4D). As a result, we conclude that CG17760, Gb5, and Gg1 will be the downstream G protein subunits that couple to DTKR to mediate thermal allodynia in class IV neurons.Tachykinin signaling acts upstream of Smoothened and Painless in allodyniaThe signal transducer of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, Smoothened (smo), is needed within class IV neurons for UV-induced thermal allodynia (Babcock et al., 2011). To identify if Tachykinin signaling genetically interacts with the Hh pathway for the duration of thermal allodynia, we tested the behavior of a double heterozygous mixture of dtkr and smo alleles. Such larvae are defective in UV-induced thermal allodynia compared to relevant controls (Figure 5A and Figure 5–figure supplement 1). We next performed genetic epistasis tests to establish whether or not Tachykinin signaling functions upstream, downstream, or parallel of Hh signaling in the course of development of thermal allodynia. The common principle was to co-express an 858474-14-3 Epigenetics activating transgene of one particular pathway (which induces genetic thermal allodynia) with each other with an inactivating transgene of your other pathway. Reduced allodynia would indicate that the second pathway was acting downstre.