Adiation [52,83]. Various research have focused around the appraisal of intensity of solar radiation [52,83]. Distinctive research have focused around the appraisal of LULC transitions on rising LST and SUHI. Moreover, researchers have reported LULC transitions on rising LST and SUHI. Moreover, researchers have reported a a negative relationship involving GS cover and SUHI intensity and its significant role in adverse relationship in between GS cover and SUHI intensity and its important part in mitigating the SUHI intensity [84]. Taking into consideration Tehran, the northern element of your city had essentially the most SN-38 Epigenetic Reader Domain considerable cooling impact linked with dense GS cover. Even so, more than the final 3 decades, notable GS areas disappeared, and as a result, the SUHI intensity enhanced. In spite of the GS loss, the thinning of GS density because of land cover changes also weakenedRemote Sens. 2021, 13,16 ofmitigating the SUHI intensity [84]. Thinking about Tehran, the northern aspect in the city had essentially the most considerable cooling effect connected with dense GS cover. On the other hand, over the last 3 decades, notable GS places disappeared, and because of this, the SUHI intensity enhanced. Regardless of the GS loss, the thinning of GS density on account of land cover changes also weakened the cooling efficiency in the remnant GS regions [76]. Taking the present structure of Tehran as well as the urban morphology, it may be practically infeasible and resource-intensive to create new big GS (i.e., parks and forests) locations within the hotspot zones of SUHI and, as a result, it would be far more cost-effective to establish new policies to encourage the usage of green and cool roofs to mitigate the SUHI intensities [85], which is usually followed up in future studies. Furthermore, utilizing high-albedo materials for roofs, pavements, and roads may also assistance mitigate SUHI and cool the city [86]. Also, the decadal analyses in the thermal comfort of the city through the UTFVI index demonstrated that the environmental situation of the city experienced a notable decay. A lot more importantly, at present, 45.31 of BU exists in WTC zones that can potentially threaten human well being. Despite other organic and climate-related elements that contributed for the environmental decay of Tehran, the building of BU locations in areas with WTC in earlier decades has caused the unsuitable environmental situation of the majority of BU places in Tehran. Therefore, it might be stated that the current status on the environmental condition of Tehran need to be regarded as ahead of any attainable urban expansion to prevent additional degradations of thermal comfort in BU areas. Tehran is struggling with high-density air pollution [44]. Population development, fossil fuel consumption, as well as the reduction of neighborhood winds because of vast vertical urban expansion have played essential roles in escalating the air pollutant concentration in Tehran. Also, urban growth, the conversion of organic land cover to buildings and human residents, and climate transform have all enhanced the UHI intensity all through the city. The preliminary evaluation in this study reveals the optimistic Tetracosactide manufacturer interaction among SUHI and AP, that is also in accordance with equivalent studies in other areas [77,87,88]. In reality, higher pollutant concentrations can trap much more earth-emitted infrared radiation and heat in the urban environment, hence escalating the temperature [89]. Consequently, it really is probable to incorporate suitable strategies to simultaneously lower the SUHI intensity and AP concentration [90].