Oneal injection of SAL and had been treated with SAL. SAL/rhTM, mice received Phenoxyacetic acid Formula intraperitoneal injection of SAL and had been treated with rhTM. STZ/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of STZ and were treated with SAL. STZ/rhTM, mice received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and had been treated 7 of 13 with recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM).3.three. Decreased Islet Infiltration of Macrophages in Diabetic Mice Treated with rhTM The infiltration of application. Information in pancreatic islets was evaluated by F4/80 imWinROOF image processingmacrophages would be the mean S.D. Statistical analysis by ANOVA and munostaining. 0.05, p 0.0001. locations positively stained with antiF4/80 antibody was Tukey’s test. p The percentage ofSAL/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of SAL and drastically greater in untreated diabetic intraperitoneal injection of SAL to have been treated were treated with SAL. SAL/rhTM, mice receivedmice (STZ/rhTM) compared andnondiabetic (SAL/SAL) mice. Even so, the location displaying constructive staining with F4/80 antibody was with rhTM. STZ/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of STZ and had been treated with SAL. drastically decreased in diabetic mice treated with rhTM (STZ/rhTM) had been treated with STZ/rhTM, mice received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and when compared with untreated mice with diabetes (Figure 4A,B). recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM).Figure 4. Treatment of diabetic mice with recombinant human thrombomodulin lowered infilFigure 4. Remedy of diabetic mice with recombinant human thrombomodulin reduced islet islet tration of of macrophages. (A) Phenthoate supplier Immunostaining of F4/80positive cells (macrophages) in each and every infiltrationmacrophages. (A) Immunostaining of F4/80positive cells (macrophages) in each mouse group. Scale bars indicate 50 . 50 The (B) The F4/80positive places have been determined working with the mouse group. Scale bars indicate (B) . F4/80positive areas have been determined using the WinROOFWinROOF image processing application. Data are the mean S.D. Statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. p 0.05, p 0.01. SAL/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of SAL and had been treated with SAL. SAL/rhTM, mice received intraperitoneal injection of SAL and have been treated with rhTM. STZ/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of STZ and were treated with SAL. STZ/rhTM, mice received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and were treated with recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM).Cells 2021, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW8 ofCells 2021, ten,image processing computer software. Data are the imply S.D. Statistical evaluation by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. p 0.05, p 0.01. SAL/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of SAL and had been treated with SAL. SAL/rhTM, mice received intraperitoneal injection of SAL and had been treated with rhTM. STZ/SAL, mice received intraperitoneal injection of STZ and were treated with SAL. STZ/rhTM, mice received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and have been treated with recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM). three.four. rhTM Activated the Akt Pathway and Inhibited Apoptosis of Islet Cells8 ofWe hypothesized that the valuable impact of rhTM is dependent upon its antiapoptotic activity. three.four. rhTM Activated the Akt Pathway and Inhibited Apoptosis of Islet Cells To demonstrate this, we evaluated apoptosis by the TUNEL technique. The outcomes showed We hypothesized that the valuable effect of rhTM will depend on its antiapoptotic acthat diabetic mice treated with saline had significan.